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Biomedical and Systems Engineering
SBE 101 Computers (1) (4+2) Fundamentals of Computers (Introduction) - Data Representation - Bolean Algebra and Logic Circuits - Registers and Counters - Computer Architecture (H/W) - Memory Definition - Addressing Memory Modes - Introduction to Computer Software - Problem Definition and Flowcharting - Operating Systems & System Software
SBE 102 Biology (2+2) Basic concepts of life, molecular requirements of life - Animal organization and cellular function, the cell and its components, cells and energy, procurement and transduction, utilization and control of cellular metabolism - Architectural pattern of an animal, grades of organization, tissues, organs and systems, digestion, respiration, waste disposal and transport mechanisms - Introduction to embryology, principles of inheritance.
SBE 103 Psychology (3+0) Definition of psychology - Physiological bases of behavior - attention and perception - learning - Application of psychology in the field of industry.
SBE 105 Electrical measurements (0+3) Knowing the different measurement instruments in the Lab. Signal & Function Generatorsdirect current power supplies, Oscilloscopes, Voltmeters multimeters and thier applications. Build up experiments to verify certin consepts like, Resistor capacitor circuits, Diode circuits, DC power supplies, passive filters, Resonant circuits, Transformers and combinational and Boolean Algebra Circuits.
MTH 124 (A&B) Mathematics (2) (3+1) Multiple integrals - Line and Surface integrals - Pertial differentiation and applications - Infinite series - Expansion of functions in power series - Fourier series - First order and first degree (Higher degree) differential equations and applications - Linear differential equations and applications - Curve fitting and interpolation - Solution of O.D.E. in series - Special functions (Gamma - Bessel - Legndre).
PHY 124 (A&B) Physics (2) (2+2) Optics and vision - Optics and microscopy - Quantum optics - Lasers - Surface tension and lungs - fluid flow and viscosity - Diffusion and osmosis - Radiations and radiobiology - Electricity and nervous system - Sound and ultrasonics.
CHE 124 Chemistry (2) (4+2) Organic Chemistry: Homologous series of different aliphatic classes, isomerism, Carbohydrates, Proteins, aminoacid, fats - Introduction to aromatic chemistry - Inorganic and Physical Chemistry: structure of atom and molecule-wave nature of electrons, chemical bonds electronegativity-Resonance-Properties of elements and their compounds, viscosity, osmoticpressure, surface tension, electrochemistry, colloidal chemistry, phase rule, one component system, binary systems, ternary systems-Principle of analytical chemistry: volumetric, gravimetric, and instrumentation analysis.
EPM 124 Electrical Engineering (4+2) Electrical quantities, definitions and laws-Circuit laws and network theorems - Electrical signal waveforms, phasor representation of sinusoidal signals, natural response, forced response, and complete response of first and second order circuits - Steady state A. C. circuit , power, frequency response, resonance and three phase circuits - Magnetic fields and circuits, transformers, operation circuit models and performance - Translational transducers and principles of electro-mechanics - D.C. generators and motors, alternators, synchronous and induction motors.
MDP 124 Mechanical Engineering (1) (4+2) Stress analysis: Geometrical properties of planar areas, internal action diagrams in beams, normal, shear and principal stresses, stress-strain characteristics of elastic materials, allowable stresses-Design of simple machine elements (e.g. screw jack, coupling...) - Mechanical system dynamics: mechanical linkages and devices (walking beams, gears, belts...)- Introduction to theory of machine.
SBE 201 Computers (2) (4+2) Programming tools, Software Development, Algorithms, Debugging - Data design, Data structures, Built in structured data types - Stacks, Queues - Linked lists, Doubly linked lists - Programming with recursion, why recursion, how recursion works - Graphs, Trees, Binary Search Trees, Heaps, Priority queues - Sorting algorithms - Searching algorithms.
SBE 202 Electronic Devices and Circuits (3+2) Introduction to Electronics Industry - Laboratory Instruments - Passive Components - Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors, Transformers, Relays - Interconnections & Accessories Printed Circuit Boards, Heat Sinks, Crystals & Oscillators - Discrete Semiconductors- Diodes-Transistors - -Silicon Controlled Rectifiers - Analog Integrated Circuits -Operational Amplifiers-Voltage Regulators-Digital Integrated Circuits-Combinational Logic-Sequential Logic-Memory Circuits Programmable Memory Circuits- Processors - Mixed Signal Inegrated Circuits - Timers - Digital to Analog & Digital to Analog Converters.
SBE 203 Signals, System & Networks (3+1) Kirchhoff’s laws - Two - terminal linear and nonlinear resistors: Series and porallel connections, conceve and convex resistors, approxemation and synthesis, Dc - operating points and small signal analysis - Multiterminal resistors: Linear resistive two port and their different representation, the npn bipolar transistors and dc-operating points and its small signal analysis - Operational amplifiers circuits and their analysis - two-terminal capacitors and inductors and first-order circiuts-second order circiuts and the state space approach..
SBE 204 Viochemistry (3+1) Introduction - Physicochemical principals - Carbohydrate, lipid, and protein chemistry and metaboism - Nacleolic acid and nucleotides - Hormones and metabolic regulation - Mineral metabolism - Enzymes and vilamins. SBE 205 Physiology (1) (3+2) Cells, mebranes, action potentials, electro-physiological recording, synaptic transmission - Muscle - Nervous system - Sensory systems, motion and posture, gamma efferents - autonoic nervous system - aNS control of organs - Hypothalmous, pituitary, reproductive, endocrine, central nervous system.
SBE 206 Measurements and Instruments (3+1) Introduction to measurement, units, standards, method of measurement - Dynamics and types of deflection instruments - Principles and error analysis of the moving coil instrument when used as: ammeter, voltmeter (d.c. and a.c.), ohmmeter,and avometer - Principles and error analysis of null methods such as d.c bridges, d.c. potentiometer, and a.c. bridges - Principles and error analysis of the electro-dynamic instruments when used as, ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter, Power factor meter and frequency meter -Wave form error in rectifier voltmeter and diode peak voltmeters - Errors of measurements: Classifications of errors, estimation of random errors using statistical methods - Measurement of temperature by electrical means, thermocouples, and resistance thermometers- Electromechanical transducers for measurement of displacement, pressure, flow, liquid level, acceleration, and vibration.
MTH 224 Mathematics (3) (2+1) Laplace Transform - Hankel Transform - Fourier integral - Partial Differential Equations - Functions of Complex variables - Matrices - Numerical Solution of O.D.E.
CHE 224 Chemical Engineering (3+2) Simple mass and energy balances - Concept of a process, unit ounit processes - Flow sheets - Simple reaction analysis, filteration, sedimentation - Heat, mass and momentum transport - J - factors-R and P analogies - Film and penetration theories - Dimensional analysis - Convection - Applications of individualand overall film coefficients.
MEP 224A Mechanical Engineering (2) (2+2) Fluid Dynamic: Fluid properties - Similarity of fluid flows - Conservation equations - Conservation of mass - momentum Newton Secondlaw - Energy conservation of Mechanical Energy (Bernolly Equation). Application: flow through pipes: laminar and turbulent - pipes connected in series or in parallel - branching of pipes - Measuring Devices - Mathematical models - body fluid and their function - haemodynamic models - A report writeing.
MEP 224B Mechanical Engineering (2) (2+2) Thermodynamics: Gas mixture definitions - First and second laws of thermodynamics-Carnot cycle, Maxwell's relations-Gibbs-Helmholtz equation-Free energy of reactions, activity coefficients, equilibrium, refrigerations, steam.
SBE 301 Clinical Engineering (2+1) Hospital based clinical engineering: quality control, hospital organization - Acquisition of equipment: technical assessment and data analysis, inspection and test of medical instruments and systems - Inventory ccontrol: manufacturer, model and serial number, purchase date and price, warranty.., etc - Preventive maintenance and inspection: prolong the useful life of an equipment, reduce failure, reduce operating costs, caliberation, ... etc, performance assurance check - Project management: identifying user objectives and speeifications, testing a prototype, documenting project results - Training programs: exposure to hospital environment, applying engineering techniques to patient care and hospital research, how to work with medical personnel, hospital project - Electrical safety in hospitals - Radiation protection - Biological safety - Mechanical & environmental safety.
SBE 302 Physiology and Anatomy (4+2) Physiology: Cardiovascular system: cardiac system, regulation, hemodynamics - Circulatory system, cardiac output and control - Respiratory system: pulmonary transport, gas exchange, ventilatory mechanics, respiratory control - Renal system: transport processes, fluid exchande, regulation, acid, base regulation - Gastrointestinal system: secretory function, digestion and absorption, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, liver function, energetics, temperature regulation - Endocrine system: introduction, processes.
SBE 303 Biomedical Electronics and Instruments (3+2) Basic concepts of instrumentation - Basic transducers principles - Amplifiers and signal processor - The origin of biopotentials - Biopotential electrodes - Biopotential amplifiers and measurements: ECG, EMG, EEG, ERG, etc machines - Data acquisition and distribution: D/A converters, A/D converters, S/H, and Analog Mux - Microcomputer design - Therapeutic equipment: cardiac pacemakers, cardiac defibrillators, hemodialysis machine, instruments for surgery and ventilators. SBE 304 Statistics (4+2) Probability Theory: probability, conditional and joint probability, probability density distribution functions, stationary and non-stationary random variables, ergotic random variables, auto and cross correlation-Statistics: mean and variance, histograms, hypothesis, analysis of variance, discriminate analysis, decision making, regression analysis and curve fitting.
SBE 305A System Dynamics & Control (4+2) Frequency Domain Approach:Examples of feedback control systems, dynamic characteristics - Representation using transfer function concept-Block diagrams and signal flow graphs- Characteristics of feedback control systems - Transient response analysis, the root locus method, Rout-Hurwitz stability criterion-Frequency response analysis, polar plots, simplified Nyquist criterion Time Domain Approach: Fundamentals of linear vector spaces and matrix algebra - Transformation of state coordinates - Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors, and exp (At) - Deriving the state-variable model - State-space Analysis: Continuous time
SBE 305B System Dynamics & Control (4+2) Frequency Domain Approach: Frequency response (cont.), logarithmic plots, relative stability criterion-Correlation between relative stability measures in transient and frequency responce - Introduction to design, series and feedback compensation - Correlation between frequency and tim domain approaches (transfer functions and state equations) - Output versus state feedback - Revision. Time Domain Approach: State space Analysis : Discrete time - Controllability and observability-Stability of linear systems-Method of Lyapunov- Design of linear feedback control systems - Linear time-varying state models - Revision .
SBE 306A Computers (3) (3+2) Introduction to file structures, File systems-Types of secondary storage devices, comparison.- File access, Fundamental File structure concepts, fields, records, Organization - Data compression, Reclaiming space in files - Indexing, Searching large files - Sorting large files, Matching, Merging - B trees, Hashing- Searching algorithms.
SBE 306B Computers (3) (3+2) Formal languages, rewrite rules, regular grammar, context free and sensitive grammars, parsing, application in compiler design - As second family of languages, the students are introduced to prepositional calculus, first predicate logic, equivalence, logical consequence, resolution principle, unification, semantic trees and application in mechanical theorem proving.
SBE 307 Electromagentic Waves (3+2) Stationary electric field - Stationary magnetic field - Time variable electromagnetic fields - Electromagnetic Waves - Waveguides - Antennas - Propagation - Optical communication.
SBE 308 Analytical Instruments and Bioanalysis (3+2) Electrometric methods (e.g. potentiometry, conductometry, colorography...etc - Chromotography, thin-layer, paper, gas-liquid and liquid-liquid - Spectroscopy, colorimetry, ultraviolet, Infrared, applications in biomedical.
SBE 401 (A&B) Systems Engineering (3+2) , (3+2) Introduction to Digital Control Systems - Definition of z Transform & the z Transform of Elementary Functions- Important Properties and theorems of the z transform-The inverse z Transform-The concept of pulse transfer function and its use in obtaining the closed loop transfer function-Analysis of a closed loop digital control systems (transfer function, stability analysis, error constants)-Design of discrete control systems via transform methods: Transient and steady state requirements - Different transform techniques suitable of transforming analog controllers-to-equivalent-digitalones - Rootlocus method - Bodediagram method - Deadbeat response based on analytical design. Introduction to state space approach and state space Rpresentation of Discrete Systems - Liapunov Stability Analysis - Controllability & Observability - Useful Transformations to the controllable and observable canonical forms - Design via pole placement techniques for single-input single-output systems-State Observer and design of state observer-Pole Placements of multi-input multi-output systems- Pole Placements for servo systems -quadratic Optimal control.
SBE 402 Biomedical Equipment (3+2) Biomedical instrumentation: theory of operation, caliberation and maintenance - Medical imaging: Ultrasound, X-rays, Computerized tomography (CT scanners), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radio-isotope imaging (Gomma Camera, etc.) - Radiotherapy: plesiotherapy, teletherapy, intemal therapy, radiation protection - Recording devices: strip - chart recorders, magnetic tape recorders, digital recording - Biochemical lab measurements: spectrophotometry, ph meter, cell counters, blood gas analyzers - Physiotherapy and hyperthermia: applicators, microwaves interaction with body, design of hyperthermia unit - Therapeutic & prosthetic devices: defibrillators, pacemakers, bladder stimulators, electrosurgery devices, ventilatcrs, incubaters, etc. - Catheterization & blood pressure measurement - Cardiac output measurement - Pulmonary function testing equipment - Artificial heart-lung machines - Artificial kidneys - Endoscopy - Laser devices - Anesthesia equipment.
SBE 403A Electronic Systems (3+2) The course gives introduction to 8-bit, 16-bit microprocessors with respect to internal architecture, connections, timing and programming with machine codes. Interrupts and Interrupt service procedures using assembler and assembly language tools. Hardware and trouble shooting of 8-bit based microcomputer are given.-Sensors interfacing with microcomputer as well as digital Interfacing. Principles of digital signal processing and application of digital filters (recursive and non recursive) followed by Desig of digital filters
SBE 403B Electronic Systems (3+2) - Hardware implementation of digital filters and analog interfacing within industrial control. Direct memory access and coprocessors. Applications of programmable digital systems tems as neuro-muscular stimulator hearing aids, and Biotelemetry with phase tocked loop and frequancy conversion. A Micro controllers architecture, programming and applications.
SBE 404A Computing and Data Processing (3+2) Introduction to Artificial Intelligence concepts and methods for problem solving, heuristic search, game playing and implementation of one of the techniques by each student, logic programming, and other research topics such as knowledge representation, learning, Natural language processing, Neural Network etc.
SBE 404B Computing and Data Processing (3+2) Introduction to Computer Graphics - Graphics Devices and Their Control - Getting Started Making Pictures - Building and Drawing Curves - Approaches to Infinity - On Interaction in Graphics - Vectors and their use in Graphics - Two Dimensional Ray Tracing - Modelling Surfaces- Transformations of Pictures.
SBE 480 Graduation Project (3+2) Graduating students improve their practical experience in the graduation project course. This is a mandatory requisite for graduation. In the last six years, seventy nine graduation projects were performed. These projects handled several clinical, physiological, and engineering topics - Topics of special interest included image processing, pattern recognition, speech recognition & synthesis, neural networks, natural language understanding, Arabic optical character recognition, robotics, expert systems. The projects were implemented using tools of softwaer, hardware, and sometimes a combination of hardware & software. Ultrasonics technology has been heavily emphasized in several projects.
SBE Elective (1) (3+2) SBE Elective (2) (3+2) SBE Elective (3) (3+2)
SBE 441 Biomedical Modelling and Simulation (3+2) Introduction: definitions, purposes of models, and types of models - Mathematical modeling: purposes, types, and modeling methodology (problem definition, model construction and model analysis, validation, interpretation of results, and implementation) - Curve fitting - Compartmental models - Population dynamics models - Mathematical model of continuous culture of microorganisms - The principles of conservation and analogy (mechanical, electrical, fluid, and thermal systems) & applications - Muscle model - Human thermoregulation model - The principles of simulation.
SBE 442 Signal Analysis and Processing (3+2) Digital signals and systems-The z transform-Fourier transform and the discrete Fourier transform - Computation of the fast Fourier transform - Discrete random signals-Power spectrum estimation-Design of digital filters.
SBE 443 Random Signals and Information Theory (3+2) Signal analysis - Review of probability theory - Characterization of random signals-Transmission and filtering of random signals - Analog data communication: modulation -Digital data communication: signal detection - Introduction to information theory and coding.
SBE 444 Biomechanics and Rehabilitation (3+2) Biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system: Principles of strength of materials applied to the skeletal systyem - Biomechanics of structures and tissues of the musculoskeletal systm- Biomechanicsofselectedjoints (Spine, Hip joint)-Selected topics in biomechanics of bone (Bone as a composite - material, bone fracture, functional adaptation of bone) -Artifical Hip Joint-Design of Upper-Limp Prosthesis- Biomechanics of the circulatory system: Nonlinear model of blood vessel deformation.
SBE 445 Biomaterials (3+2) Materials science: nature of metals and alloys, nonmetallic materials, plastics, elastomers, ceramics, porous structures, composite materials. Mechanical testing, fricition, wear and lubrication, corrosion - Properties of biological materials: biocompatibilty, surface characteristics, bonding, fatigue properties, standard specifications, implant materials.
SBE 446 Hospital Systems: Design and Organization (3+2) Structure within a hospital: Clinical departments, administration and accounting , nursing, information handling, support services - Quality control: equipment acquisition and maintenance, codes, regulations and standards-Biomedical engineering department: interaction with administration, physicians, nursing and plant services, responsibilities, equipment specifications, preventive-maintenance and maintenance, equipment calibration, training-Clinical engineering program functions, structure, personnel facilities for implementing a program - Equipment control programs: inventory control, hazard control, cost control, quality assurance and management - Equipment acquisition: clinical requirements, survey of environment and equipment, specifications, equipment evaluation, contracts, requisition and control of acquistion process.
SBE 447 Nuclear and Radiological Equipment (3+2) Matter and energy - Radiation - Radioactive decay kinetics of Radioactive decay - Interaction of radiation with matter - Imaging devices Tomographic imaging devices - Algoriths for object reconstruction, with nondiffracting sources - Measurement of projection data Algebraic reconstruction algorithms - Magnetic resonance phenomena - Image formation - Safety of patients and personnel.
SBE 448 Management Systems and Health Care Delivery (3+2) Structure of health care delivery: types of hpspitals, clinic, special care, emergency, geographic distribution-Financing of health care delivery: government, private, 3rd party staffing and training: physicians, nurses, administration, plant services. Inventory control: interaction with drug industry, equipment control.
SBE 449 Process Control and Instrumentation (3+2) Process dynamics using transfer functions and state variables - Control modes-Detection, transmission and recording of process variables - Pneumatic and electronic controllers - Final control element-Introduction to computer control.
SBE 450 Pattern Recognition (3+2) Bayes decision theory: two category classification, minimum error rate classification, classifiers, discriminant function and decision surfaces, discriminant function for the normal density, Baysian decision theory - The discrete case, nonparametric technique, density estimation, Parzen windows, k-nearest neighbor estimation - Fisher linear discriminant, multiple discriminant analysis-Linear discriminant function: generalized linear discriminant function, minimizing the perceptron criterion function procedure, minimum squared error procedure, linear programming procedure.
SBE 451 Advanced Topics in Biomedical Engineering (3+2) Content, will be based on the selected topic.
SBE 452 Advanced Topice in System Engineering (3+2) Content, will be based on the selected lopic.
SBE 453 Principles of Artificial Intelligence (3+2) Definition Problem solving methods - Presentation using first predicate logic - Search and heuristic methods - Advanced knowledge representation: symbolic logic, frames, scripts, semantic methods, production systems - Applications: natural language processing, common sense, planning, undersyanding - Introduction to machine learning - Tools: Prolog.
SBE 454 Expert Systems (3+2) Introduction to AI and expert systems - Knowledge representation formalisms (production rules, frames & semantic nets, predicates) - Inference mechanisms - Inexact reasoning paradigms (nonmonotonic & probabilistic reasoning) - Fuzzy logic - Expert system architecture - Decision support systems - Knowledge base systems and knowledge engineering - Tools and languages - Applications - Engineering, Clinical Engineering, Analytical Instruments, Biomedical Electronics & Instruments, Biomedical Equipment, Electronic Systems. The elective courses (having a total of 15 hours. semester) are offered to senior students (4th year) in the Systems & Biomedical specialities. These courses total fourteen and are divided equally between the two specialities, namely Systems Engineering & Biomedical Engineering. Graduation project will be described in the next section.
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